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Positioning of bolts is determined according to the EN 1993-1-8, Art 3.5, Table 3.3.
In SCIA Engineer the possible vertical positions are calculated according to the size of the cross-section and bolt assembly. Maximum number of bolt-rows per connection is 50. The algorithm for calculation of default bolt-row locations displayed in the bolts dialog is calculated according to the steps indicated below:
If there is only space for placement of only one bolt-row in the defined interval, the location of this bolt-row is defined in the middle of such interval.
The inclinations of the beam and flanges are taken into account when determining the bolt-row locations.
Within SCIA Engineer the limit distances below are being checked in addition to the one above for minimum and maximum, as defined by the given reference:
End distance e1 - vertical distance between bolt-row and the end of end-plate
Edge distance e2 - horizontal distance between bolts and the left/right edge of end-plate
Spacing p1 - vertical distance between two bolt-rows
Spacing p2 - horizontal distance between bolts in one bolt-row
Distance to the beam or haunch flange - vertical distance from bolt-row to the beam or haunch flange. The minimum is defined as half of the wrench diameter or as an average diameter of bolt head (d1+d2)/4. This parameters is to be defined in the bolt assembly properties.
If a bolt row is placed within any restricted distance, a warning in the Bolts dialog is displayed.The flange and web weld-sizes are not taken into account in the limit distances.
In the splice connections, the side used for bolt activation is used for the calculation of the limit distances. It is up to the user to manually check the positioning of the bolts on the other side.