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From the definition point of view, 1D members used in SCIA Engineer can be divided into several types concerning their orientation (vertical, horizontal, etc.) or cross-section (constant, variable). In addition, there exists another division taking account of the function of 1D members or their position in the structure (see chapter Structural model)
Regardless of the type, each 1D member is primarily defined by its two end-points and by a set of properties. The properties can be defined in advance (i.e. before the 1D member is inserted into the modelled structure) or afterwards. Once a 1D member is inserted, it is not bound to its position forever. If required, it can be moved to another location, rotated, prolonged, shortened or adjusted in any other way to correspond with the changing demands. Also its properties such as material, cross-section, type of transmitted internal forces, etc. can be modified any time and as many times as required.
There are two criterions concerning the definition of 1D members:
Which type of 1D member can be inserted (defined) directly in one-step action.
Which type of 1D member can be defined via additional adjustment of appropriate properties on already inserted (defined) 1D members.
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This beam type can represent an arbitrarily oriented and located 1D member. |
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This type represents a vertical column. |
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This type represents a horizontally oriented 1D member. |
What all the above-mentioned beam types have in common is that they have a constant cross-section.
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A haunch beam is a beam of a linearly variable cross-section. The change of cross-section may extend from one end point to the other end point, or from one end point to an intermediate point lying on the 1D member. The cross-section on both ends of a haunch must be of the same shape (e.g. rectangular, solid I-section, etc.). |
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beam of variable cross-section (arbitrary beam) |
A 1D member of this type can consist of multiple intervals each of which can be of different cross-section, material, and other properties. |