Elements of a model

Primarily, it represents an end-point of a 1D member. It also defines the point where finite element node will be placed. In addition, it may define a place where two 1D members touch or intersect each other.

A 1D member represents a 1D member that the real structure consists of. Beam in the model may represent a whole set of structural members such as a column, joist, tie beam, rafter, strip foundation, etc.

Plates and walls model slabs and load bearing walls ob the analysed structure. Both entity types may contain openings or subregions. Before calculation the finite element mesh is generated on them.

If two 1D members have a common end point, the connection of the 1D members in this point (or node) is normally rigid. Also, if any two members that intersect each other are told to be connected (via a linked node), the connection is rigid by default.

The parameters of any connection of two 1D members can be adjusted in a way so that the connection corresponds to the practical solution of the detail. That means that the degrees of freedom in the connection may be altered and the connection in any direction (concerning both translation and rotation) may be either rigid or free or anything in between (i.e. elastic).

A structure does not exist on its own; it is subject to multiple effects of various load types. All the load types that can be applied on the model in SCIA Engineer are described in a separate chapter.

A structure itself must be somehow supported, as the supports must, in the end, bear the entire load applied on the structure. The applicable support types are described in separate chapters.

Masses are used in connection with dynamic calculation to define the "dynamic" properties of the structure.

The shape of structure that is not considered during calculations, but is used for preparation of drawings and design of connections.