5.2 Member data 1D (beams, beams as slab, columns)

This local setting can be defined via item Member data (tree Concrete > 1D member ) and contains default parameters for design reinforcement and check of concrete

After selection of a 1D member, the dialog Concrete 1D data is displayed and local settings may be changed and confirmed.

After definition of local setting graphical mark (label) is displayed. After clicking on this mark, user can edit the appropriate attributes in member properties window. Content of the label is also possible to edit through tab-sheet Concrete in dialog View parameters setting.

Graphical label	Properties window

The important parameter in Member data is combo box Beam type, where user can select type of member. There are supported four type of 1D member:

• Beam
• Column
• Slab (beam calculated as slab, it means beam without shear reinforcement)
• Rib (it is active only if rib on the 2D member is defined via item Rib ( tree Structure > 2D member > 2D member components )

Default value of beam type depends on type defined in member’s properties (value Type). The following default Beam type will be used in member data:

• Column: for Type = column, gable column and secondary column.
• Slab: for Type = beam as slab
• Beam: for other Type

The change of Beam type has influence to design and check reinforcement, because different calculated method is used for column and beam. On the other hand, Beam type has influence to properties, which will be presented in member data too. There are following properties and group of properties for Beam type = Column:

• Advanced mode
• Minimal concrete cover
• Design
• Column calculation

5.2.1 Advanced mode

This attribute is a filter for displaying the parameters in member data properties. If it is switched off, then only basic parameters from global settings (Design defaults) are displayed together with reinforcement material parameters. Groups Minimal concrete cover and Design with the basic parameters are displayed in this case.

Advanced mode = OFF	Advanced mode = ON

The properties, which will be appeared in member data for advanced mode, have grey background color

5.2.2 Member data 1D (Beams)

There are 3 different types of 1D members:

• Beam
• Column
• Beam slab

The default setting of concrete member data is based on the current setting in the concrete setup during creation of the concrete member data.

Concrete member data for beams can be defined in two modes. Basic mode is when checkbox Advanced mode is OFF. The advanced mode ON can be set by user. The several additional properties are possible to edit for advanced mode.

Advanced mode OFF	Advanced mode ON

• Member – read only value; name of the memebr where concrete member data are assigned on
• Beam type – combobox; type of member; there are 3 possibilities – beam, column, slab
• Advanced mode – checkbox; which allowed to user set more options

5.2.2.1 Group Minimal concrete cover

Detailed information about calculation of concrete cover are provided in chapter "5.2 Member data 1D (beams, beams as slab, columns)"

• Input for sides – checkbox,  if ON then user can set different properties for each surface (lower, upper)
• Situation – combobox; values depends on type of concrete (precast or cast-in-place); the concrete cover is calculated according to selected situation type

Type of concrete	Situation
Precast	7.7.3(a) - precast concrete exposed to earth or water 7.7.3(b) - precast concrete not exposed to weather or in contact with ground
Cast-in-place	7.7.1(a) - Concrete cast against and permanently exposed to earth 7.7.1(b) – Concrete exposed to earth or weather 7.7.1(c) – Concrete not exposed to weather or in contact with ground

• Type of concrete – combobox; precast or cast-in-place
• Corrosive environments – checkbox; if ON then concrete cover is calculate din different way. Detailed procedure related to concrete cover calculation is mentioned in chapter of this document.
• Increment for corrosion – editbox; option is visible if corrosive environment is set ON

5.2.2.2 Group Design

The values related to design of nonprestressed reinforcement longitudinal and shear are provided here.

• Type of strength reduction factor – combobox (calculated / user input);

• if option calculated is selected then strength reduction factor is taken into account according to strain in the reinforcement (for more information see chapter )
• if option user input is selected then strength reduction factor is defined by user in the following text box

• Strength reduction factor – editbox; the behaviour depends on selected type of strength reduction factor

• calculated – read only automatically calculated value
• user input – editable value

• Material – combobox; list of project material of nonprestressed reinforcement used for the longitudinal reinforcement
• Upper (lower)

• Number of bars – editbox; maximal number of bars which will be used for design of reinforcement in one surface
• Size number – combobox; list of the available reinforcement marked using size number
• Diameter – read only value; diameter of the bar used for design which correspond with selected size number
• Type of cover – combobox (use minimal cover / user defined); option which enable to user select type of determination of the concrete cover
• Concrete cover – editbox; value of concrete cover depending the option “Type of cover”
• use minimal cover – read only automatically calculated value
• user defined  - editable value

• Stirrups

• Material – combobox; list of project material of nonprestressed reinforcement used for the longitudinal reinforcement
• Basic distance – editbox; maximal user defined value of distance between stirrups along the beam
• Size number – combobox; list of the available reinforcement marked using size number
• Diameter – read only value; diameter of the bar used for design which correspond with selected size number

• Shear

• User defined number of cuts – checkbox; if the checkbox is OFF the  number of cuts is calculated automatically

Where

b_cen; h_cen – width or depth of cross-section in centroid of cross-section

d_ss – diameter of stirrup

s_l,max – maximal transverse distance between stirrups legs – default 12 inch

• Number of cuts – editbox; number of stirrups legs used for the calculation of stirrups area; editable only if User defined number of cuts is set ON
• User defined width for shear – checkbox; if this checkbox is OFF the width for shear is determined automatically; width for shear is width of cross-section in the centre of gravity of cross-section
• Width for shear – editbox; user defined value of width for shear; editable if User defined width for shear is set ON

5.2.2.3 Group Forces reduction

Special part is focused on moment and shear capping near the support. This option is available for advanced mode only.

• Set support width – three dot button; dialogue where is possible to set width of the support for each support

• Support width – editbox; default support width in case when all support widths are the same; visible only if the dialogue above includes supports width the same width

5.2.3 Member data 1D (Beam as slab)

The difference between member type “beam” and “beam as slab” is the “beam slab” doesn’t include properties related to shear reinforcement. The value “number of bars” used for the member “beam” is replaced by the item “Bar distance” for member type “Beam slab”

Beam	Beam as slab

Concrete cover for member type “Beam as slab” is calculated using the same way as for 1D member type beam

5.2.4 Member data 1D (Column)

The similar groups as for beams are available for definition of member data for columns.

5.2.4.1 Group Minimal concrete cover

There are parameters which influence to calculation of minimal concrete cover.

Advanced mode = OFF	Advanced mode = ON

User can edit the following parameters:

• Situations (s) – the type of situation are defined according to code ACI 318-05, clause 7.7.1 and 7.7.3. The situation depends on properties Type of concrete.

• For Type of concrete = Cast-in-place three type of situation are supported

• 7.7.1a - Concrete cast against and permanently exposed to earth
• 7.7.1b - Concrete exposed to earth or weather
• 7.7.1c - Concrete not exposed to weather or in contact with ground

• For Type of concrete = Precast  two types of situation are supported

• 7.7.3a – precast concrete exposed to earth or water
• 7.7.3b – precast concrete not exposed to weather or in contact with ground

• Type of concrete – the minimum concrete cover of according to code ACI 318-05 depends on type of concrete too. The user can select two type of concrete

• Cast in place – minimum  concrete cover is calculated according to clause 7.7.1
• Precast - minimum  concrete cover is calculated according to clause 7.7.3

• Corrosive environments – the basic rules for minimum concrete cover for corrosive environments are defined in code ACI 318-05, clause 7.7.5

 

If this check box is ON, then minimum concrete cover is calculated according to formula below

c = max(c + Δc_cor; c _cor)

where
c	Minimum concrete cover for non-corrosive environment calculated according to clause 7.7.1 and 7.7.3, see tables in chapter below
Δccor	Increment of minimum concrete cover for corrosive environments defined in Increment of corrosion, see picture below
ccor	minimum concrete cover for corrosive environment calculated according to clause 7.7.5,see  table above

5.2.4.2 Group Design

The default parameters for design longitudinal and shear reinforcement are in this group. User can define diameter and material of longitudinal and shear reinforcement.

Advanced mode = OFF	Advanced mode = ON

In addition, there are possibilities for definition the additional parameters:

• Type of strength reduction factor Phi – user can select, how the value of strength reduction factor will be calculated for design of reinforcement. There are two possibilities:

• Calculated {default} – this factor will be calculated by iterative calculation, if check box Use iterative calculation for design reinforcement is ON (Concrete setup > General > Calculation, see chapter "4.1 Concrete setup for 1D member"  ). Otherwise the value will be loaded from concrete setup (Concrete setup >Design strength > Strength reduction factor Phi, see chapter ) depending on value of normal force N_u:

• If N_u <0, the value for compression –controlled section is used (see chapter )
• If N_u ≥0, the value for tension –controlled section is used (see chapter )

• User input – the value of strength reduction factor defined in User value of factor Phi will be used.

• User value of factor Phi  - user defined value of strength reduction factor can be set . This value is active only in case, if Type of strength reduction factor Phi = User input
• Number of bars - the user can define user reinforcement directly in concrete member data. This possibility is available:

• only for rectangular and circular column and

Rectangular column	Circular column

• Size number – combo box for definition of size number of reinforcement, see chapter "2 Setting of calculation – units and measuring system". This value is active only, if Measuring system = Soft metric system or Imperial system and values in the list depends on selected measuring system. The different value than is predefined in the list can be input too.
• Diameter (d) – the value of diameter of reinforcement is presented. For European metric system, the diameter of bar is defined directly by this value. For Soft metric system and imperial system, this value is editable only in case, if different value than is predefined in the list is inputted. The formulas for calculation diameter for inputted size number is in chapter "2 Setting of calculation – units and measuring system"
• Type of cover – there are two options for definition concrete cover:

• Use minimal cover – concrete cover is calculated from inputting parameters defined in group Minimal concrete cover (see chapter  "5.2 Member data 1D (beams, beams as slab, columns)") according to code ACI 318-05. The value of minimum concrete  is presented in property Concrete cover, but it is non editable. The table for calculation minimum concrete cover for non-corrosive environments are below

• User defined – the value of concrete cover is directly input by user via property Concrete cover

• Concrete cover – the value of calculated minimum concrete cover is presented in this edit box or user defined concrete cover can be inputted. The value of concrete cover is related to outer edge of stirrup and for column is the same for all edges of cross-section.
• Basic distance – it is basic spacing of the transverse reinforcement in column. It means, that minimum spacing of transverse reinforcement (see chapter "8.2 Design of reinforcement for 1D members (beams, beams as slab, columns)") is calculated as minimum value of this value and of the values defined in detailing provisions in concrete setup ( Detailing provisions >Columns >Max. spacing, see picture below ). The basic distance will be not taken into account if zero value is set.

• Number of cuts – number of cuts of transverse reinforcement is calculated automatically according to formula

                                               

where
bcen	width of cross-section in centroid of concrete cross-section
hcen	height of cross-section in centroid of concrete cross-section
c	The nominal value of concrete cover, value presented in property Concrete cover
ds	Diameter of transverse reinforcement (stirrup), value defined in property Diameter (ds)
st,max	the maximum transverse spacing of the legs, the value is defined in concrete setup (Concrete setup > Detailing provisions >Columns >Transverse reinforcement)

• User defined number of cuts – the automatically calculated number of cuts can be substituted by user value, if this check box is ON. The user value can set to property Number of cuts

5.2.4.3 Group Column calculation

The parameters for setting type of calculation for design and check of longitudinal reinforcement can be set in this group. This group is active only, if advanced mode is ON. The properties in this group are filtered according to shape of cross-section

Rectangular css	Circular css	Other css

The following properties can be set in this group and default values are loaded from Concrete setup:

• Use buckling data, see chapter "4.1 Concrete setup for 1D member"
• User estimate of reinf.ratio, see chapter "4.1 Concrete setup for 1D member"
• Only corner design, see chapter "4.1 Concrete setup for 1D member"
• Type of calculation, see chapter "4.1 Concrete setup for 1D member"
• Biaxial bending coeff, is active only if Type of calculation =Automatic  see chapter "4.1 Concrete setup for 1D member"
• Ratio y/z, is active only if Type of calculation =Automatic  or Type of calculation =Biaxial see chapter "4.1.3.1.5.9 Group Ratio y/z"
• User ratio y/z, y= , is active only if Ratio y/z = User , see chapter "4.1.3.1.5.9 Group Ratio y/z"
• Method of calculation, is active only if Type of calculation =Automatic  or Type of calculation =Biaxial see chapter "4.1.3.1.5.9 Group Ratio y/z"
• Alpha – is active only if Method of calculation = Bresler load contour method, see chapter "4.1.3.1.5.9 Group Ratio y/z"
• Beta – is active only if Method of calculation =PCA load contour method, see chapter "4.1.3.1.5.8 Group Interaction formula and exponents"
• Type of betaD , see chapter "4.1.4.4 Group Ratio BetaD"
• User value of betaD - is active only if Type of betaD =User input, see chapter "4.1.4.4 Group Ratio BetaD"